
Ansoff Matrix
For sorting your growth options by whether they take existing or new products into existing or new markets, each step riskier than the last. Leave it alone when the problem is defending what you have; this generates expansion, not defence. Instead Porter's Five Forces, which reads the pressure on the position you are defending.
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BCG Growth-Share Matrix
For deciding where a portfolio's cash should go, by plotting each business on market growth and market share. Leave it alone when you are one business in one market; there is no portfolio to balance. Instead Porter's Five Forces on the one business you have; a portfolio tool with one entry has nothing to say.
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Porter's Five Forces
For judging whether an industry can pay you, from the five forces that squeeze its profits, and where you could defend a position. Leave it alone when the question is about one competitor; this analyses the structure, not the rival. Instead 7 Powers, applied to the rival, to see what power they actually hold; Five Forces reads the structure, not the player.
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Porter's Generic Strategies
For choosing, deliberately, whether you compete on cost or on difference, broadly or narrowly, and not getting stuck in the middle. Leave it alone when you have not yet analysed the industry; you would be choosing a position in a market you do not understand. Instead Porter's Five Forces first; you cannot choose a position in a market you have not read.
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SWOT Analysis
For getting a team's view of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats onto one page, with evidence, before deciding anything. Leave it alone when you need decisions; it organises evidence and contains no way to choose. Instead TOWS, which turns the four lists into choices; SWOT only organises the evidence.
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TOWS Matrix
For turning a SWOT into strategy by pairing each strength and weakness with each opportunity and threat. Leave it alone when the SWOT underneath is thin or flattering; vague inputs give vague strategies. Instead Go back to the SWOT and make it honest; TOWS can only pair what it is given.
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Value Chain Analysis
For finding where in your own activities cost is incurred and difference is created, because advantage lives in activities, not in the firm as a whole. Leave it alone when the question is about the industry around you; that is Five Forces. Instead Porter's Five Forces, for the industry around you; the value chain analyses your own activities.
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VRIO Framework
For four tests for whether something you own is a real advantage: valuable, rare, hard to copy, and organised to exploit. Leave it alone when the question is about the outside world; this looks inward only. Instead Porter's Five Forces or PESTEL, for the outside world; VRIO only looks inward.
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